“What we have seen particularly since January is aerial bombardments across seven of ten states,” stated Yasmin Sooka, a member of the UN Commission on Human Rights. This alarming observation underscores the deteriorating security situation in South Sudan, where civilians are increasingly becoming targets amid ongoing conflict.

Since gaining independence from Sudan in 2011, South Sudan has struggled with internal strife, leading to a civil war that erupted in 2013. The conflict has been characterized by ethnic rivalries, particularly between the Dinka and Nuer groups, which have fueled violence and instability across the nation.

The UN Commission on Human Rights has reported escalating abuses, including targeted attacks on civilians, which have intensified in recent months. The government of South Sudan, led by President Salva Kiir, has been criticized for failing to implement key elements of the Revitalised Peace Agreement signed in 2018, which aimed to bring an end to the violence and establish a framework for peace.

In addition to the violence, South Sudan faces a severe humanitarian crisis. Currently, approximately 9.9 million people are in need of humanitarian assistance, with 1 million affected by catastrophic floods expected in 2025. Organizations like Concern are actively providing healthcare and cash assistance to 30,000 people in two of the hardest-hit states, highlighting the urgent need for support amid the ongoing turmoil.

Despite the dire circumstances, there are signs of progress in some areas. Zlatko Gegic, a representative from Concern, noted, “Families are seeing real change – fewer children are dangerously malnourished, and more are getting the care they need to survive and grow.” This indicates that while the situation remains critical, efforts to improve health and nutrition for vulnerable populations are beginning to yield positive results.

On a different note, South Sudan’s national football team recently achieved a significant victory, defeating Djibouti 4-0 in a CAF AFCON 2027 qualifying match. This win provides South Sudan with a significant advantage in their bid to reach the group stage of the qualifiers, offering a rare moment of celebration amidst the ongoing challenges.

As the situation evolves, the establishment of a hybrid court to try war crimes remains uncertain, with details about its timeline and funding still unconfirmed. The lack of accountability for past atrocities continues to hinder the peace process and the rebuilding of trust among communities.

With millions in need and ongoing violence, the international community’s attention remains crucial for South Sudan. The path forward will require concerted efforts to address both the immediate humanitarian needs and the long-term political solutions necessary for lasting peace.

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Since the civil war began in 2013, South Sudan has struggled with ongoing violence, primarily driven by ethnic rivalries, particularly between the Dinka and Nuer groups. The UN has reported that civilians are increasingly being targeted in these aerial attacks, which have intensified in recent months. The humanitarian situation is further exacerbated by the government’s failure to implement key elements of the Revitalised Peace Agreement signed in 2018.

Despite the ongoing conflict, some organizations are making strides in providing essential services. “Families are seeing real change – fewer children are dangerously malnourished, and more are getting the care they need to survive and grow,” remarked Zlatko Gegic, a representative from Concern, which is currently providing healthcare and cash assistance to 30,000 people in South Sudan. This assistance is crucial as the country faces a staggering 9.9 million people in need of humanitarian aid.

The situation is further complicated by catastrophic floods that have affected six states, displacing thousands and worsening the living conditions for many. In 2025, it is estimated that 1 million people will be impacted by these floods, adding to the already critical humanitarian crisis.

What observers say

Observers have noted that the establishment of a hybrid court to try war crimes has not yet materialized, leaving many victims without justice. “There’s been a selection panel established, with civic actors – representatives of civil society, women’s groups, academia, survivors, faith-based institutions,” said David Deng, indicating some progress in transitional justice efforts, albeit slow and uncertain. Details remain unconfirmed regarding the timeline and funding for this court, raising concerns about the future of accountability in South Sudan.

In the realm of sports, South Sudan recently achieved a significant victory by defeating Djibouti 4-0 in a CAF AFCON 2027 qualifying match. This win provides a morale boost to the nation amidst the ongoing turmoil, as the team aims to advance to the group stage of the qualifiers.

As the conflict continues, the international community remains watchful of developments in South Sudan. The combination of escalating violence, humanitarian crises, and the lack of accountability for past atrocities paints a grim picture for the future of the nation. With ongoing efforts from organizations like Concern, there is hope for some relief, but the path to peace and stability remains fraught with challenges.

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